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Leap years) in the
Gregorian calendar. There are 201 days remaining until the end of the year.}}
Events
- 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
- 1373 – Anglo-Portuguese Alliance between England (succeeded by the United Kingdom) and Portugal is the oldest alliance in the world which is still in force.
- 1525 – Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for priests and nuns.
- 1625 – King Charles I marries Henrietta Maria of France, Princess of France
- 1774 – Rhode Island becomes the first of Britain's North American colonies to ban the importation of slaves.
- 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina, in order to help the Continental Congress to train its army.
- 1798 – Mission San Luis Rey de Francia is founded.
- 1805 – Lewis and Clark Expedition: scouting ahead of the expedition, Meriwether Lewis and four companions sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River.
- 1871 – In Labrador, a hurricane kills 300 people.
- 1881 – The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack.
- 1886 – A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia.
- 1886 – King Ludwig II of Bavaria is found dead in Lake Starnberg south of Munich at 11:30 PM.
- 1893 – Grover Cleveland undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; operation not revealed to US public until 1917, nine years after the president's death.
- 1898 – Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson chosen as its capital.
- 1910 – The University of the Philippines College of Engineering is established. This unit of the university is said to be the largest degree granting unit in the Philippines.
- 1917 – World War I: the deadliest German air raid on London during World War I is carried out by Gotha G bombers and results in 162 deaths, including 46 children, and 432 injuries.
- 1927 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh receives a Ticker-tape parade down 5th Avenue in New York City.
- 1934 – Adolf Hitler and Mussolini meet in Venice, Italy; Mussolini later describes the German dictator as "a silly little monkey".
- 1935 – In one of the biggest Upsets in championship Boxing, the 10 to 1 underdog James J. Braddock defeats Max Baer in Long Island City, New York, and becomes the heavyweight champion of the world.
- 1942 – The United States opens its Office of War Information.
- 1942 – The United States establish the Office of Strategic Services.
- 1944 – World War II: Germany launches a counter attack on Carentan.
- 1944 – World War II: Germany launches a V1 Flying Bomb attack on England. Only four of the eleven bombs actually hit their targets.
- 1952 – Catalina affair: a Swedish Douglas DC-3 is shot down by a Soviet MiG-15 fighter.
- 1955 – Mir Mine, the first Diamond mine in the USSR, is discovered.
- 1966 – The United States Supreme Court rules in Miranda v. Arizona that the police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning them.
- 1967 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson nominates Solicitor-General Thurgood Marshall to become the first black justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.
- 1969 – Governor of Texas Preston Smith signs a bill into law converting the former Southwest Center for Advanced Studies, originally founded as a research arm of Texas Instruments, into the University of Texas at Dallas.
- 1970 – "The Long and Winding Road" becomes The Beatles' last Number 1 song.
- 1971 – Vietnam War: The New York Times begins publication of the Pentagon Papers.
- 1977 – Convicted Martin Luther King Jr. assassin James Earl Ray is recaptured after escaping from Prison three days before.
- 1978 – Israeli Defense Forces withdraw from Lebanon.
- 1981 – At the Trooping the Colour ceremony in London, a teenager, Marcus Sarjeant, fires six blank shots at Queen Elizabeth II.
- 1982 – Fahd becomes King of Saudi Arabia upon the death of his brother, Khalid.
- 1983 – Pioneer 10 becomes the first man-made object to leave the Solar system.
- 1994 – A jury in Anchorage, Alaska, blames recklessness by Exxon and Captain Joseph Hazelwood for the Exxon Valdez disaster, allowing victims of the oil spill to seek $15 billion in damages.
- 1995 – French president Jacques Chirac announces the resumption of Nuclear tests in French Polynesia.
- 1996 – The Montana Freemen surrender after an 81-day standoff with FBI agents.
- 1997 – A jury sentences Timothy McVeigh to death for his part in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.
- 1997 – Uphaar cinema fire, in New Delhi, India, killed 59 people, and over 100 people injured.
- 1997 – American fugitive Ira Einhorn is arrested in France for the murder of Holly Maddux after 16 years on the run, though he would not return for another four years.
- 2000 – President Kim Dae Jung of South Korea meets Kim Jong-il, leader of North Korea, for the beginning of the first ever inter-Korea summit, in the northern capital of Pyongyang.
- 2000 – Italy pardons Mehmet Ali Agca, the Turkish gunman who tried to kill Pope John Paul II in 1981.
- 2002 – The United States of America withdraws from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
- 2002 – Two 14-year-old South Korean girls are struck and killed by a United States Army Armored vehicle, leading to months of public protests against the US.
- 2005 – A jury in Santa Maria, California acquits pop singer Michael Jackson of molesting 13-year-old Gavin Arvizo at his Neverland Ranch.
- 2007 – The Al Askari Mosque is bombed for a third time.
Births
- 823 – Charles the Bald, Holy Roman Emperor and King of the West Franks (d. 877)
- 1584 – Miyamoto Musashi, Legendary Samurai warrior, artist, and author of The Book of Five Rings (d. 1645)
- 1595 – Jan Marek Marci, Bohemian doctor and scientist (d. 1667)
- 1649 – Adrien Baillet, French scholar and critic (d. 1706)
- 1752 – Fanny Burney, English novelist and diarist (d. 1840)
- 1763 – José Bonifácio de Andrade e Silva, Brazilian statesman (d. 1838)
- 1773 – Thomas Young, English scientist (d. 1829)
- 1775 – Antoni Radziwiłł, Polish politician (d. 1833)
- 1786 – Winfield Scott, U.S. general (d. 1866)
- 1809 – Heinrich Hoffmann, German painter, author of Struwwelpeter (d. 1894)
- 1822 – Carl Schmidt, German chemist (d. 1884)
- 1827 – Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian photographer and businessman (d. 1882)
- 1831 – James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish physicist (d. 1879)
- 1864 – Rudolf Kjellén, Swedish political scientist (d. 1922)
- 1864 – Dwight B. Waldo, American educator and historian (d. 1939)
- 1863 – Lady Lucy Duff Gordon, English fashion designer (d. 1935)
- 1865 – William Butler Yeats, Irish writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1937)
- 1870 – Jules Bordet, Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1961)
- 1876 – William Sealey Gosset, English chemist, statistician (d. 1937)
- 1884 – Anton Drexler, German political figure (d. 1942)
- 1884 – Gerald Gardner, British occultist (d. 1964)
- 1884 – Étienne Gilson, French philosopher (d. 1978)
- 1885 – Henry George Lamond, Australian novelist (d. 1969)
- 1887 – Bruno Frank, German author (d. 1945)
- 1888 – Fernando Pessoa, Portuguese poet (d. 1935)
- 1892 – Basil Rathbone, English actor (d. 1967)
- 1893 – Dorothy L. Sayers, English author (d. 1957)
- 1894 – Dr. Leo Kanner, Austrian-American physician (d. 1981)
- 1894 – Jacques Henri Lartigue, French photographer (d. 1986)
- 1897 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (d. 1973)
- 1899 – Carlos Chávez, Mexican composer (d. 1978)
- 1901 – Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1985)
- 1903 – Red Grange, American football player (d. 1991)
- 1905 – Xian Xinghai, Chinese composer (d. 1945)
- 1906 – Bruno de Finetti, Italian mathematician (d. 1985)
- 1909 – E. M. S. Namboodiripad, Indian politician (d. 1998)
- 1910 – Mary Whitehouse, British campaigner (d. 2001)
- 1910 – Gonzalo Torrente Ballester, Galician writer (d. 1999)
- 1910 – Mary Wickes, American actress (d. 1995)
- 1911 – Luis Alvarez, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1988)
- 1911 – Erwin Wilhelm Müller, German-born physicist (d. 1977)
- 1912 – Hector de Saint-Denys Garneau, French Canadian poet (d. 1943)
- 1915 – Don Budge, American tennis player (d. 2000)
- 1917 – Teddy Turner, comedian (d. 1992)
- 1918 – Ben Johnson, American actor (d. 1996)
- 1918 – Helmut Lent, German Night fighter pilot (d. 1944)
- 1922 – Etienne Leroux, Afrikaans Author, (d. 1989)
- 1924 – Percy Rodriguez, Canadian actor (d. 2007)
- 1926 – Paul Lynde, American actor (d. 1982)
- 1928 – John Forbes Nash, American mathematician, Nobel laureate
- 1929 – Alan Civil, English French horn player (d. 1989)
- 1929 – Robert W. Scott, American politician, governor of North Carolina (d. 2009)
- 1930 – Ryszard Kukliński, Polish colonel (d. 2004)
- 1931 – Irvin D. Yalom, American psychotherapist
- 1931 – Nora Kovach, Hungarian-born American ballerina (d. 2009)
- 1933 – Tom King, British politician
- 1935 – Christo, Bulgarian artist
- 1935 – Jeanne-Claude, French artist (d. 2009)
- 1935 – Samak Sundaravej, Thai 25th Prime Minister (d. 2009)
- 1936 – Michael H. Jordan, American businessman and Chief Executive Officer (d. 2010)
- 1937 – Erich Ribbeck, German football player/manager
- 1939 – Tom Cheek, American baseball broadcaster (d. 2005)
- 1940 – Bobby Freeman, American soul singer
- 1941 – Esther Ofarim, Israeli singer
- 1941 – Marcel Lachemann, American baseball player
- 1943 – Malcolm McDowell, English actor
- 1943 – Jim Guy Tucker, American politician, governor of Arkansas
- 1944 – Ban Ki-moon, South Korean United Nations Secretary-General
- 1945 – Whitley Strieber, American author
- 1947 – A. G. Lafley, American executive director
- 1948 – Garnet Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player and executive (d. 2001)
- 1948 – Joe Roth, American executive, producer and film director
- 1949 – Dennis Locorriere, American singer and guitarist (Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show)
- 1949 – Ulla Schmidt, German politician
- 1950 – Michael Stark, Australian actor
- 1950 – Gerd Zewe, German footballer
- 1951 – Richard Thomas, American actor
- 1951 – Stellan Skarsgård, Swedish actor
- 1951 – Robert P. Young, Jr., Michigan Supreme Court justice
- 1952 – Tony Bruno, American talkshow host
- 1952 – Jean-Marie Dedecker, Belgian politician and former judoka
- 1953 – Tim Allen, American comedian and actor
- 1954 – Andrzej Lepper, Polish politician
- 1954 – Rita Cadillac, Brazilian dancer
- 1955 – Leah Ward Sears, Chief Justice Georgia Supreme Court
- 1955 – Alan Hansen, Scottish football pundit
- 1959 – Boyko Borisov, Bulgarian politician
- 1959 – Steve Georganas, Australian politician
- 1959 – Lance Kinsey, Canadian actor
- 1961 – Anders Järryd, Swedish tennis player
- 1962 – Ally Sheedy, American actress
- 1962 – Glenn Michibata, Canadian professional tennis player
- 1962 – Davey Hamilton, American racing driver
- 1962 – Hannah Storm, American television personality
- 1963 – Bettina Bunge, German tennis player
- 1963 – Paul De Lisle, American musician (Smash Mouth)
- 1963 – Catarina Lindqvist, Swedish tennis player
- 1964 – Kathy Burke, English actress
- 1964 – Sarunas Marciulionis, Lithuanian basketball player
- 1964 – Christian Wilhelm Berger, Romanian composer
- 1965 – Infanta Cristina, Duchess of Palma de Mallorca
- 1965 – Vassilis Karapialis, Greek footballer
- 1965 – Lukas Ligeti, Austrian composer and drummer
- 1965 – Lisa Vidal, American actress
- 1966 – Grigori Perelman, Russian mathematician
- 1966 – Naoki Hattori, Japanese racing driver
- 1968 – David Gray, British musician
- 1968 – Denise Pearson, British singer (Five Star)
- 1968 – Fabio Baldato, Italian cyclist
- 1968 – Spike Breakwell, British comedian
- 1968 – Marcel Theroux, British writer and broadcaster
- 1969 – Svetlana Krivelyova, Russian athlete
- 1969 – Søren Nystrøm Rasted
- 1970 – Chris Cairns, New Zealand cricketer
- 1970 – Rivers Cuomo, American musician (Weezer)
- 1970 – Mikael Ljungberg, Swedish wrestler (d. 2004)
- 1972 – Natalie MacMaster, Canadian musician
- 1973 – Sam Adams, American football player
- 1973 – Mattias Hellberg, Swedish musician (The Hellacopters)
- 1973 – Ville Laihiala, Finnish musician (Sentenced, Poisonblack)
- 1973 – Kasia Kowalska, Polish pop rock singer
- 1973 – Leeann Tweeden, American model and television presenter
- 1974 – Selma Björnsdóttir, Icelandic singer
- 1974 – Brande Roderick, American actress
- 1974 – Takahiro Sakurai, Japanese voice actor
- 1974 – Valeri Bure, Russian ice hockey player
- 1974 – Steve-O, American stunt performer and television personality
- 1975 – Ante Covic, Australian footballer
- 1975 – Johannes Grenzfurthner, Austrian artist, writer, curator and director
- 1975 – Riccardo Scimeca, English footballer
- 1975 – Jennifer Nicole Lee, American model
- 1976 – Kym Marsh, English singer, actress and T.V. presenter
- 1976 – Jason 'J' Brown, English Singer
- 1978 – Ethan Embry, American actor
- 1978 – Mathis Künzler, Swiss actor
- 1978 – Jason Michael Carroll, country musician
- 1978 – Mikako Ichikawa, Japanese actress and model
- 1979 – Nila Håkedal, Norwegian beach volleyball player
- 1980 – Darius Vassell, English footballer
- 1980 – Florent Malouda, French footballer
- 1980 – Jamario Moon, American basketball player
- 1980 – Markus Winkelhock, German racing driver
- 1980 – Sarah Connor, German singer
- 1981 – Chris Evans, American actor
- 1981 – David Madden, 4th-ranked Jeopardy! champion of all-time
- 1982 – Kenenisa Bekele, Ethiopian athlete
- 1983 – Matt Allison, British racing driver
- 1983 – Jason Spezza, Canadian hockey player
- 1983 – Ryan Conferido, American dancer
- 1984 – Nery Castillo, Mexican-Uruguayan footballer
- 1984 – Nautica Thorn, American adult film actress
- 1985 – Raz-B, American singer (B2K)
- 1985 – Lela Star, American pornstar
- 1985 – Danny Syvret, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1985 – Filipe Albuquerque, Portuguese racing driver
- 1986 – Kat Dennings, American actress
- 1986 – Ashley Olsen, American actress
- 1986 – Mary-Kate Olsen, American actress
- 1986 – Keisuke Honda, Japanese footballer
- 1989 – Lisa Tucker, American singer
- 1989 – Tommy Searle, professional motocross racer
Deaths
- 1036 – Ali az-Zahir, caliph (b. 1005)
- 1231 – Anthony of Padua, Portuguese saint (b. 1195)
- 1256 – Tankei, Japanese sculptor (b. 1173)
- 1636 – George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly, Scottish politician (b. 1562)
- 1645 – Miyamoto Musashi, Japanese swordsman
- 1665 – Egbert Bartholomeusz Kortenaer, Dutch admiral (b. 1604)
- 1760 – Antoine Court, French Huguenot minister (b. 1696)
- 1784 – Henry Middleton, American president of the Continental Congress (b. 1717)
- 1881 – Josef Skoda, Czech physician (b. 1805)
- 1886 – King Ludwig II of Bavaria (b. 1845)
- 1898 – Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1840)
- 1904 – Nikiphoros Lytras, Greek painter (b. 1832)
- 1918 – Grand Duke Mikhail of Russia, younger brother of Tsar Nicholas II (b. 1878) (murdered)
- 1930 – Henry Segrave, British racing driver who held land speed records and the water speed record (b. 1896)
- 1931 – Shibasaburo Kitasato, Japanese physician (b. 1851)
- 1943 – Kočo Racin, Macedonian poet (b. 1908)
- 1951 – Ben Chifley, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
- 1954 – Henry Blogg, English lifeboatman, George Cross and British Empire Medal recipient (b. 1876)
- 1958 – Edwin Keppel Bennett, British writer (b. 1887)
- 1965 – Martin Buber, Austrian-born Israeli philosopher (b. 1878)
- 1965 – David Drummond, Australian politician (b. 1890)
- 1972 – Clyde McPhatter, American musician (b. 1932)
- 1972 – Georg von Békésy, Hungarian biophysicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1899)
- 1972 – Stephanie von Hohenlohe, Austrian-born German World War II spy (b. 1891)
- 1972 – Dündar Taşer, Turkish nationalist (b. 1925)
- 1977 – Matthew Garber, British child actor (Mary Poppins) (b. 1956)
- 1979 – Darla Hood, American actress (b. 1931)
- 1979 – Demetrio Stratos, Italian musician (b. 1945)
- 1980 – Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian and political figure (b. 1942)
- 1982 – King Khalid of Saudi Arabia (b. 1912)
- 1982 – Peter Maivia, wrestler (b. 1935)
- 1982 – Riccardo Paletti, Formula One driver (b. 1958)
- 1984 – António Variações, Portuguese hairdresser and musician (b. 1944)
- 1986 – Benny Goodman, American musician (b. 1909)
- 1987 – Geraldine Page, American actress (b. 1924)
- 1989 – Fran Allison, American, early television personality (Kukla, Fran and Ollie) (b. 1907)
- 1993 – Deke Slayton, astronaut (b. 1924)
- 1993 – Gérard Côté, Canadian runner (b. 1913)
- 1998 – Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (b. 1911)
- 2002 – John Hope, American meteorologist (b. 1919)
- 2003 – Malik Meraj Khalid, Former caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1916)
- 2004 – Dick Durrance, American skier (b. 1914)
- 2004 – Ralph Wiley, American journalist and writer (b. 1952)
- 2005 – Jonathan Adams, English actor (b. 1931)
- 2005 – Álvaro Cunhal, Portuguese politician and writer (b. 1913)
- 2005 – David Diamond, American composer (b. 1915)
- 2005 – Lane Smith, American actor (b. 1936)
- 2006 – Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (b. 1925)
- 2007 – Walid Eido, Lebanese MP (b. 1942)
- 2008 – Tim Russert, American television host, NBC News Meet the Press moderator (b. 1950)
- 2008 – Gertrude Fröhlich-Sandner, Austrian politician (b. 1926)
- 2009 – Mitsuharu Misawa, Japanese professional wrestler (b. 1962)
- 2009 – Fathi Yakan, Lebanese leader and Muslim cleric (b. 1933)
Holidays and observances
External links
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